Capacitor As Timer
Connect the switch link red link in the photo to the bottom rail. After the timer has finished timing or timed out the led will switch on again.

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Along with the capacitor the value of the base resistor also plays an important role in determining the timing for which the transistor remains switched on after the push button is released.

Capacitor as timer. Try using a different value capacitor in the circuit to see the time period change. We can use this oscillating behavior of 555 timer ic to create the timer circuit of different time delays. The greater the amount of time has elapsed the more the capacitor will discharge.
A resistor and a capacitor taken together will have a time constant. The time it takes a capacitor to charge fully is a time constant called tau tau resistance of the circuit measured in ohms times the capacitance measured in farads this value signifies the amount of time it takes the capacitor to get to 63 percent of its charge value. You can certainly use this to time an event.
Close the switch to start the timer. Te value of the capacitor determines the time delay or for how long the transistor stays in the conducting mode. However the resistor and capacitor time constant is expressed as a change in voltage versus time.
This will switch the led off and start the timer. To create the timer circuit for the desired time interval simply change the value of the resistor r 1 or capacitor c 1. The less time that has elapsed the less time the capacitor has to discharge.
Thus the larger the t value the smaller v c. The time constant of a resistor capacitor series combination is defined as the time it takes for the capacitor to deplete 368 for a discharging circuit of its charge or the time it takes to reach 632 for a charging circuit of its maximum charge capacity given that it has no initial charge.

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